Increasing human population leads to a depletion of natural resources as forests are cut down for urbanization and industrialization, resulting in endangered and endemic species in India. Conservation efforts are crucial to maintain biodiversity and ecological balance for future generations.

The increasing human population leads to a higher demand for natural resources, resulting in the depletion of forests, pollution from chemical fertilizers, and endangerment of plant and animal species. Maintaining ecological balance and biodiversity is crucial for the survival of various species.

Exploration of various plant species in India including teak, banyan, tamarind, flame of the forest, orchids, lotus, and bamboo, highlighting their significance and ecological roles.

India is home to a variety of mammals, including deer species like somber, sheetal, and tunngle deer, as well as unique animals like the barking deer, black buck, and chinkara. Other notable mammals in India include the nilgai, Indian wild-ass, one-horned rhinoceros, tiger, Snow Leopard, wolf, and lion-tailed macaque.

Natural extinction occurs when species disappear due to climate change, allowing more adapted species to take their place. This process, exemplified by the mass extinction during the age of dinosaurs, is slow and has shaped the Earth's history.

The chapter discusses anthropogenic extinction, the rapid disappearance of plant and animal species due to human activities, posing a significant threat to biodiversity. It highlights the categorization of threatened species by the International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources (IUCN) based on their risk of extinction.