The video discusses the events leading to the October Revolution in Russia in 1917, focusing on the failure of the June Offensive by the provisional government, the role of key figures like Lenin and Trotsky, and the uprising orchestrated by the Bolsheviks with the support of the Petrograd Soviet.

In June 1917, the Provisional Government launched a new offensive against the Austro-Hungarian army despite the ongoing World War I. This decision, along with the political consequences of the June Offensive, contributed to the downfall of the Provisional Government and the rise of a new revolutionary government.

The June Offensive during World War I in Russia led to mass desertions, breakdown of army discipline, and financial costs, prompting Lenin's return with the promise of peace, land, and bread. The Bolsheviks seized the opportunity to incite protests against the Provisional Government, resulting in riots and political turmoil.

The October Revolution was orchestrated by Lenin and Trotsky, with the Bolsheviks seizing power in Petrograd after the June offensive by the provisional government. Lenin's return and persuasion of the central committee were pivotal in gaining support for the armed seizure of power.