The Franks, originating from Germanic barbarians, emerged as a powerful alliance led by Clovis, who united various Frankish tribes and expanded their territories through wars and alliances. The rise of Carolingians, starting with Charles Martell and later Charlemagne, marked significant conquests, including the establishment of the Frankish Empire and the spread of Christianity.

After the great migration of peoples, the map of Europe changed significantly in Western Europe with the emergence of new states led by Germanic barbarians, particularly the Franks. Clovis, the chief of the Salian Franks, successfully united various Frankish tribes and expanded their territories through strategic battles and alliances, ultimately establishing the foundation for the Kingdom of France.

The chapter details the rise of Charles Martel, who established European cavalry and the Carolingian dynasty, leading to Charlemagne's conquests and consolidation of power. It also covers Pepin the Short's ascension to the Frankish throne and his military campaigns.

The chapter details the failed campaigns and rebellions led by the Saxon leader Vidant against Charlemagne, including the massacre of Verden and the subsequent battles and events that unfolded in Saxony.

The chapter details the conquest of Bavaria by the Franks, the invasion of Italy by the Avars, and the subsequent wars led by Charlemagne against the Avars. It also covers Charlemagne's coronation as Emperor of Rome and the eventual fragmentation of the Carolingian Empire.