Cell Membranes

Created from Youtube video: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=y31DlJ6uGgEvideo

Concepts covered:fluid mosaic model, selective permeability, phospholipids, cholesterol, cell wall

The video explains the structure and function of cell membranes, focusing on the fluid mosaic model, which describes the membrane as a dynamic structure composed of phospholipids, proteins, cholesterol, glycoproteins, and glycolipids. It highlights the role of selective permeability in regulating the movement of substances across the membrane, and discusses the additional structural support provided by cell walls in plants, bacteria, and fungi.

Table of Contents1.Understanding the Cell Membrane: The Fluid Mosaic Model and Selective Permeability 2.Cell Membrane Components: Glycoproteins, Glycolipids, and Cholesterol 3.Role of Proteins and Cell Walls in Membrane Transport

chapter

Understanding the Cell Membrane: The Fluid Mosaic Model and Selective Permeability

Concepts covered:cell membrane, fluid mosaic model, selective permeability, phospholipids, DNA extraction

The chapter discusses the structure and function of the cell membrane, emphasizing the fluid mosaic model, which describes the membrane as a dynamic and complex structure composed of phospholipids and proteins. It explains how the cell membrane's selective permeability allows certain substances to pass through while regulating the transport of larger or charged particles, highlighting the role of soap in dissolving the membrane to extract DNA.

Question 1

Phospholipids have both hydrophilic and hydrophobic parts.

Question 2

Why is selective permeability important in cells?

Question 3

Phospholipids in the cell membrane are _____ in nature.

Question 4

CASE STUDY: A student is studying the fluid mosaic model of cell membranes and observes a diagram showing various components.

Which component regulates transport in the membrane?

Question 5

CASE STUDY: A teacher is demonstrating the fluid nature of cell membranes using a video animation.

Select three characteristics of the fluid mosaic model.

Question 6

Soap dissolves cell membranes because they are lipid-based.

Question 7

What role do proteins play in membranes?

Question 8

The cell membrane is described as a _____ model.

Question 9

CASE STUDY: A researcher is trying to extract DNA from a kiwi fruit using a similar method to the banana DNA extraction. They add shampoo to the kiwi mixture.

What is the purpose of adding shampoo?

Question 10

Proteins in cell membranes regulate transport of substances.

Question 11

What is the fluid mosaic model?

Question 12

Selective permeability allows _____ particles to pass through the membrane.

Question 13

Cell membranes are described by the fluid mosaic model.

Question 14

What does soap do to cell membranes?

Question 15

Proteins in the cell membrane primarily _____ transport.

Question 16

All living things have cell walls for structure.

Question 17

How do phospholipids contribute to membrane function?

Question 18

The cell membrane's fluidity is due to its _____ composition.

chapter

Cell Membrane Components: Glycoproteins, Glycolipids, and Cholesterol

Concepts covered:glycoproteins, glycolipids, cholesterol, phospholipids, cell membrane

The chapter explains the structure and function of glycoproteins and glycolipids in cell membranes, highlighting their roles in immune response and signaling. It also discusses the importance of cholesterol in maintaining membrane stability and the unique properties of phospholipids that contribute to the cell membrane's structure and function.

Question 19

Glycoproteins include antibodies important for immune response.

Question 20

Why can't water pass through the phospholipid bilayer?

Question 21

Antibodies, important in immune response, are a form of _____.

Question 22

CASE STUDY: A biochemist is studying the effects of temperature on cell membrane stability. They observe changes in membrane fluidity at different temperatures.

What role does cholesterol play in this scenario?

Question 23

Phospholipid tails are polar and heads are nonpolar.

Question 24

How do glycolipids function in cell signaling?

Question 25

Cholesterol prevents phospholipids from drifting apart when the temperature _____.

Question 26

CASE STUDY: A pharmaceutical company is developing a new drug that targets cell membranes. They need to ensure the drug can effectively interact with glycoproteins on the cell surface.

What should the company focus on for drug interaction?

Question 27

Water easily passes through the nonpolar membrane interior.

Question 28

What role does cholesterol play in cell membranes?

Question 29

Phospholipid heads are polar, while tails are _____.

Question 30

Glycolipids play a role in cellular signaling.

Question 31

What distinguishes phospholipids from other lipids?

Question 32

Glycolipids are crucial for cellular _____.

Question 33

Cholesterol stabilizes cell membranes in temperature changes.

Question 34

How do glycoproteins contribute to immune response?

Question 35

Water is attracted to the membrane surface because it is _____.

chapter

Role of Proteins and Cell Walls in Membrane Transport

Concepts covered:cell membranes, proteins, facilitated diffusion, cell walls, selective permeability

Cell membranes, primarily composed of phospholipids, allow small, non-charged particles like oxygen and carbon dioxide to pass through easily, while proteins facilitate the movement of larger or charged molecules via processes like facilitated diffusion and active transport. Additionally, cell walls, found in plants, bacteria, and fungi, provide structural integrity and protection, with materials like cellulose, peptidoglycan, and chitin contributing to their durability.

Question 36

Proteins facilitate diffusion of charged molecules across membranes.

Question 37

What is the main component of bacterial cell walls?

Question 38

Aquaporins facilitate the movement of _____ across membranes.

Question 39

CASE STUDY: A pharmaceutical company is developing a new drug that needs to cross cell membranes efficiently. They are considering using proteins to facilitate this process.

All are protein functions in membranes except?

Question 40

CASE STUDY: A researcher is examining how bacteria resist antibiotics targeting cell walls.

Select three correct features of bacterial cell walls.

Question 41

Sodium-potassium pump uses ATP for active transport.

Question 42

Why don't animal cells lyse with water influx?

Question 43

The sodium-potassium pump uses _____ to transport ions.

Question 44

CASE STUDY: A biologist is studying how different substances move across plant cell membranes and walls.

All are true about plant cell walls except?

Question 45

Cell walls are present in all animal cells.

Question 46

What is the role of aquaporins in cells?

Question 47

Proteins allow _____ molecules to cross cell membranes.

Question 48

Aquaporins control water movement across cell membranes.

Question 49

How do small, non-charged particles cross membranes?

Question 50

Bacterial cell walls are primarily composed of _____.

Question 51

Carbon dioxide moves freely across cell membranes.

Question 52

What enables large molecules to cross membranes?

Question 53

Cell walls provide _____ to plant cells.

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