The video discusses the internal anatomy of the spinal cord, focusing on the distribution of gray and white matter, as well as the tracts and nuclei within. It covers the structure of gray matter, including the anterior, posterior, and lateral horns, and details the white matter divisions into posterior, lateral, and anterior funiculi.

Exploration of the internal surface of the spinal cord, focusing on the distribution of white and gray matter, anatomy of tracts, and nuclei within the spinal cord.

The internal surface of the spinal cord comprises gray matter rich in nerve cell bodies and dendrites, and white matter rich in myelinated axons and glia cells. The distinction between gray and white matter is due to the colorless nature of neurons, with gray matter appearing gray under a microscope.

The gray matter in the spinal cord consists of three main horns: anterior, posterior, and lateral, each associated with distinct functions and nuclei. The anterior horn primarily contains motor nuclei, the posterior horn receives sensory information, and the lateral horn houses sympathetic and parasympathetic fibers.

The white matter of the spinal cord consists of tracts or bundles of fibers divided into posterior, lateral, and anterior funiculi, facilitating the transmission of sensory and motor information. Ascending tracts relay conscious sensory information to the cerebrum, while descending tracts control voluntary and involuntary movements.

The chapter discusses the sensory and motor tracts of the spinal cord, detailing the functions and pathways of various tracts such as the posterior funiculus, spinothalamic tract, corticospinal tract, rubrospinal tract, and more. It explains how these tracts are responsible for conscious and unconscious sensations, movements, and coordination.